X-Plosives

A secret service developed a new kind of explosive that attain its volatile property only when a specific association of products occurs. Each product is a mix of two different simple compounds, to which we call a binding pair. If N>2, then mixing N different binding pairs containing N simple compounds creates a powerful explosive. For example, the binding pairs A+B, B+C, A+C (three pairs, three compounds) result in an explosive, while A+B, B+C, A+D (three pairs, four compounds) does not.

You are not a secret agent but only a guy in a delivery agency with one dangerous problem: receive binding pairs in sequential order and place them in a cargo ship. However, you must avoid placing in the same room an explosive association. So, after placing a set of pairs, if you receive one pair that might produce an explosion with some of the pairs already in stock, you must refuse it, otherwise, you must accept it.

An example. Let’s assume you receive the following sequence: A+B, G+B, D+F, A+E, E+G, F+H. You would accept the first four pairs but then refuse E+G since it would be possible to make the following explosive with the previous pairs: A+B, G+B, A+E, E+G (4 pairs with 4 simple compounds). Finally, you would accept the last pair, F+H.

Compute the number of refusals given a sequence of binding pairs.

Input

Instead of letters we will use integers to represent compounds. The input contains several lines. Each line (except the last) consists of two integers (each integer lies between 0 and 10⁵) separated by a single space, representing a binding pair. The input ends in a line with the number –1. You may assume that no repeated binding pairs appears in the input.

Output

For each test case, a single line with the number of refusals.

Sample Input

1 2

3 4

3 5

3 1

2 3

4 1

2 6

6 5

-1

Sample Output

3

#include <stdio.h>
int p[100005], rank[100005];
int findp(int x) {
    return p[x] == x ? x : (p[x]=findp(p[x]));
}
int joint(int x, int y) {
    x = findp(x), y = findp(y);
    if(x == y)
        return 0;
    if(rank[x] > rank[y])
        rank[x] += rank[y], p[y] = x;
    else
        rank[y] += rank[x], p[x] = y;
    return 1;
}
int main() {
    int x, y, i;
    while(true) {
        if(scanf("%d %d", &x, &y) != 2)
            break;
        for(i = 0; i < 100005; i++)
            p[i] = i, rank[i] = 1;
        int ret = 0, flag;
        flag = joint(x, y);
        if(!flag)   ret++;
        while(scanf("%d", &x) == 1 && x >= 0) {
            scanf("%d", &y);
            flag = joint(x, y);
            if(!flag)   ret++;
        }
        printf("%d\n", ret);
    }
    return 0;
}