【評論】 納博考夫的「世紀鉅著」
1999 年,英國《每日電訊》(Daily Telegraph) 集選「世紀鉅著一百部」(100 Books of the Century),由百名學者作家各舉一本。獲選的著作,包括了維根斯坦的邏輯、凱因斯的經濟理論、羅素的哲學,乃至希特勒那煽起浩劫一場的自傳。在從印度到冰島的各國作家之中,納博考夫竟有三本登榜(Lolita、Pale Fire、與自傳 Speak, Memory),使他在獲選次數上,與《一九八四》的作者歐威爾同列魁首,而壓倒了勞倫斯、喬艾斯、海明威、費茨傑羅諸大家(包括史坦貝克在內的許多諾貝爾文學獎得主尚且不在榜上)。
同年,美國「藍燈書屋」(Random House)「現代文庫」(Modern Library)編輯委員會選出的「二十世紀最佳英語小說一百部」(The 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century),納博考夫也有兩本上榜(Lolita 名列第四,Pale Fire 第五十三)。雖然有人懷疑,他精密炫麗、深邃機巧的文 筆經不經得起時間考驗,在品味必然迥異的一百年後是否還有人記得。但對我們這些讀者而言,這只是個多餘的問題。
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世紀鉅著一百部(《每日電訊》):
J. R. Ackerley - My Father and Myself (Francis King 荐選)
W. H. Auden - Collected Poems (P. D. James)
Ballard, J. G. - The Atrocity Exhibition (Michael Moorcock)
Bateson, Gregory - Steps to an Ecology of Mind (Nicholas Mosley)
Beckett, Samuel - Waiting for Godot (Simon Armitage)
Bellow, Saul - Humboldt's Gift (Justin Cartwright)
Brophy, Brigid - Flesh (Shena Mackay)
Bulgakov, Mikhail - The Master and Margarita (Elaine Feinstein)
Carson, Rachel - Silent Spring (Artemis Cooper)
Cavafy, Constantine P. - Collected Poems (Paul Bailey)
Cherry-Garrard, Apsley - The Worst Journey in the World (Beryl Bainbridge)
Collis, John Stewart - The Worm Forgives the Plough (Angela Huth)
Connolly, Cyril - The Unquiet Grave (Sybille Bedford)
Corbett, Jim - Man-Eaters of Kumaon (Martin Booth)
Doughty, Charles - Travels in Arabia Deserta (Jan Morris)
Eliot, T. S. - The Waste Land (David Lodge)
Faulkner, William - The Sound and the Fury (Joyce Carol Oates)
Fitzgerald, F. Scott - The Great Gatsby (Anthony Powell)
Ford, Ford Madox - The Good Soldier (William Trevor)
Forster, E. M. - A Passage to India (Anita Desai)
Frost, Robert - Mountain Interval (Paul Muldoon); North of Boston (D. M. Thomas)
Grahame, Kenneth - The Wind in the Willows (John Bayley)
Garcia Marquez, Gabriel - Love in the Time of Cholera (Mary Wesley); One Hundred Years of Solitude (Rose Tremain)
Green, Henry - Pack My Bag: a Self-Portrait (Emma Tennant)
Grossman, Vasily - Life and Fate (Antony Beevor)
Hardy, Thomas - Collected Poems (Dan Jacobson)
Hemingway, Ernest - In Our Time (Allan Massie)
Hibbert, Christopher - Cavaliers & Roundheads (Barbara Cartland)
Hitler, Adolf - Mein Kampf (Tony Benn)
Hopkins, Gerard Manley - Poems (Rachel Billington)
Housman, A. E. - Last Poems (Penelope Fitzgerald)
Huxley, Aldous - Brave New World (J. G. Ballard)
James, Henry - The Golden Bowl (Grey Gowrie)
Junger, Sebastian - The Perfect Storm (Patrick O'Brian)
Joyce, James - Ulysses (Salman Rushdie)
Kafka, Franz - The Trial (Mordecai Richler)
Kerouac, Jack - On the Road (Richard Holmes)
Keynes, J. M. - The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (Roy Jenkins)
Kipling, Rudyard - Kim (Barbara Trapido)
Lampedusa, Giuseppe Tomasi di - The Leopard (Peter Vansittart and William Waldegrave)
Lawrence, D. H. - Sons and Lovers (Claire Tomalin)
Laxness, Halldr - Independent People (Fay Weldon)
Leaf, Munro - The Story of Ferdinand (Victoria Glendinning)
Levi, Primo - If This Is a Man (Marina Warner)
Lewis, Sinclair - Babbitt (Jeremy Lewis)
Lewis, Wyndham - Blasting and Bombadiering: an Autobiography 1914-1926 (George Walden)
Loon, Hendrik Willem Van - Van Loon's Lives (Bernard Levin)
Macaulay, Rose - The Towers of Trebizond (Joanna Trollope)
McAlmon, Robert/Boyle, Kay - Being Geniuses Together: 1920-1930 (Carmen Callil)
Magris, Claudio - Danube (Nicholas Shakespeare)
Manchester, William - The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill-Alone1932-1940 (George V. Higgins)
Mann, Thomas - Joseph and His Brothers (David Malouf)
Maurier, Daphne du - Rebecca (Patrick Gale)
Moorcock, Michael - Jerusalem Commands (Iain Sinclair)
Nabokov, Vladimir - Pale Fire (William Boyd); Speak, Memory (Penelope Lively); Lolita (Auberon Waugh)
O'Brien, Flann - The Third Policeman (A. L. Kennedy)
Oliver, F. S. - The Endless Adventure (W. F. Deedes)
Orwell, George - Animal Farm (Ruth Rendell); Homage to Catalonia (Michael Shelden); Nineteen Eighty-four (Alan Judd and Jane Gardam)
Partridge, Frances - Good Company: Diaries (Susan Hill)
Pasternak, Boris - Doctor Zhivago (Clare Francis)
Powell, Anthony - A Dance to the Music of Time (Hilary Spurling)
Powys, John Cowper - A Glastonbury Romance (Margaret Drabble)
Proust, Marcel - A la recherche du temps perdu (Muriel Spark, Anita Brookner and Doris Lessing)
Remarque, Erich Maria - All Quiet on the Western Front (Dirk Bogarde)
Richardson, Henry Handel - The Getting of Wisdom (Germaine Greer)
Rushdie, Salman - Midnight's Children (Malcolm Bradbury)
Russell, Bertrand - The Problems of Philosophy (Francis Partridge); History of Western Philosophy (John Cole)
Salinger, J. D. - The Catcher in the Rye (Christopher Hope)
Schwarz-Bart, Andr - The Last of the Just (Bernice Rubens)
Sellar, W. C./ Yeatman, R. J. - 1066 and All That (Philip Ziegler)
Seth, Vikram - A Suitable Boy (Gerald Kaufman)
Sholokov, Mikhail - Quiet Flows the Don (Hilary Mantel)
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr - The Gulag Archipelago (Brian Aldiss)
Stapledon, W. Olaf - Last and First Men (Arthur C. Clarke)
Thomas, Edward - Poems (Andrew Motion)
Trevor, William - The Collected Stories (David Profumo)
Tuchman, Barbara - The Proud Tower (John le Carr)
Updike, John - Pigeon Feathers (Carol Shields)
Vonnegut, Kurt - Breakfast of Champions (Maggie Gee)
Warner, Sylvia Townsend – Mr. Fortune's Maggot (Michael Holroyd)
Waugh, Evelyn - The Loved One (Alice Thomas Ellis)
Wells, H. G. - The History of Mr. Polly (Michael Foot)
Willans, Geoffrey - Down with Skool (Wendy Cope)
Williams, Tennessee - A Streetcar Named Desire (Christopher Bigsby)
Wilmot, Chester - The Struggle for Europe (John Keegan)
Wittgenstein, Ludwig - Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (David Sylvester)
Wodehouse, P. G. - The Inimitable Jeeves (John Mortimer)
Woolf, Virginia - The Diary of Virginia Woolf (Isabel Colegate)
Yeats, W. B. - The Tower (Barry Unsworth)
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二十世紀最佳英語小說一百部(「現代文庫」):
1. Ulysses, James Joyce
2. The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald
3. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, James Joyce
4. Lolita, Vladimir Nabokov
5. Brave New World, Aldous Huxley
6. The Sound and the Fury, William Faulkner
7. Catch-22, Joseph Heller
8. Darkness at Noon, Arthur Koestler
9. Sons and Lovers, D.H. Lawrence
10. The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck
11. Under the Volcano, Malcolm Lowry
12. The Way of All Flesh, Samuel Butler
13. 1984, George Orwell
14. I, Claudius, Robert Graves
15. To the Lighthouse, Virginia Woolf
16. An American Tragedy, Theodore Dreiser
17. The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, Carson McCullers
18. Slaughterhouse Five, Kurt Vonnegut
19. Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison
20. Native Son, Richard Wright
21. Henderson the Rain King, Saul Bellow
22. Appointment in Samarra, John O'Hara
23. U.S.A. (trilogy), John Dos Passos
24. Winesburg, Ohio, Sherwood Anderson
25. A Passage to India, E.M. Forster
26. The Wings of the Dove, Henry James
27. The Ambassadors, Henry James
28. Tender Is the Night, F. Scott Fitzgerald
29. The Studs Lonigan Trilogy, James T. Farrell
30. The Good Soldier, Ford Maddox Ford
31. Animal Farm, George Orwell
32. The Golden Bowl, Henry James
33. Sister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser
34. A Handful of Dust, Evelyn Waugh
35. As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner
36. All the King's Men, Robert Penn
37. The Bridge of San Luis Rey, Thornton Wilder
38. Howards End, E.M. Forster
39. Go Tell It on the Mountain, James Baldwin
40. The Heart of the Matter, Graham Greene
41. Lord of the Flies, William Golding
42. Deliverance, James Dickey
43. A Dance to the Music of Time (series), Anthony Powell
44. Point Counter Point, Aldous Huxley
45. The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway
46. The Secret Agent, Joseph Conrad
47. Nostromo, Joseph Conrad
48. The Rainbow, D.H. Lawrence
49. Women in Love, D.H. Lawrence
50. Tropic of Cancer, Henry Miller
51. The Naked and the Dead, Norman Mailer
52. Portnoy's Complaint, Philip Roth
53. Pale Fire, Vladimir Nabokov
54. Light in August, William Faulkner
55. On the Road, Jack Kerouac
56. The Maltese Falcon, Dashiell Hammett
57. Parade's End, Ford Maddox Ford
58. The Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton
59. Zuleika Dobson, Max Beerbohm
60. The Moviegoer, Walker Percy
61. Death Comes to the Archbishop, Willa Cather
62. From Here to Eternity, James Jones
63. The Wapshot Chronicles, John Cheever
64. The Catcher in the Rye, J.D. Salinger
65. A Clockwork Orange, Anthony Burgess
66. Of Human Bondage, W.Somerset Maugham
67. Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad
68. Main Street, Sinclair Lewis
69. The House of Mirth, Edith Wharton
70. The Alexandria Quartet, Lawrence Durrell
71. A High Wind in Jamaica, Richard Hughes
72. A House for Ms. Biswas, V.S. Naipaul
73. The Day of the Locust, Nathaniel West
74. A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway
75. Scoop, Evelyn Waugh
76. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, Muriel Spark
77. Finnegans Wake, James Joyce
78. Kim, Rudyard Kipling
79. A Room With a View, E.M. Forster
80. Brideshead Revisited, Evelyn Waugh
81. The Adventures of Augie March, Saul Bellow
82. Angle of Repose, Wallace Stegner
83. A Bend in the River, V.S. Naipaul
84. The Death of the Heart, Elizabeth Bowen
85. Lord Jim, Joseph Conrad
86. Ragtime, E.L. Doctorow
87. The Old Wives' Tale, Arnold Bennett
88. The Call of the Wild, Jack London
89. Loving, Henry Green
90. Midnight's Children, Salman Rushdie
91. Tobacco Road, Erskine Caldwell
92. Ironweed, William Kennedy
93. The Magus, John Fowles
94. Wide Sargasso Sea, Jean Rhys
95. Under the Net, Iris Murdoch
96. Sophie's Choice, William Styron
97. The Sheltering Sky, Paul Bowles
98. The Postman Always Rings Twice, James M. Cain
99. The Ginger Man, J.P. Donleavy
100. The Magnificent Ambersons, Booth Tarkington
【圖:Lolita (Paris: Olympia Press, 1955, first edition)】
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Thanks!!I have been searching these lists!!