Xinjiang territory profile - introduction
8 March 2012Last updated located at 12:1949 GMT Share this page Delicious Digg Facebook reddit StumbleUpon Twitter Email Print Xinjiang introduction Overview Facts Leaders Media China's Xinjiang state is the nation's most westerly section, bordering for the former Soviet suggests of Essential Asia, and also several other areas including Afghanistan, Spain, and Mongolia. Number one ethnic crowd, the Islamic, Turkic-speaking Uighurs, has was living in China's shadow for centuries. The region has had a good intermittent history of independence and random independence, and yet was eventually brought beneath Chinese regulate in the 1700s. Economic development of areas under Communist principle has been along with large-scale immigration in Han Chinese, and also Uighur allegations regarding discrimination and also marginalisation have been driving more visible anti-Han and separatist emotion since the Nineteen nineties. This has flared right into violence sometimes. Continue reading the biggest storyXinjiang ethnic unrest last year Main ethnic division: 45% Uighur, 40% Han Oriental 26 06: Mass production line brawl after argue between Han Far eastern and Uighurs within Guangdong, southern Far east, leaves pair of Uighurs dead 7 July: Uighur protest in Urumqi within the dispute works violent, giving 156 dead As most of them considered to be Han - and most 1,000 hurt 10 July: Uighur ladies protest from arrests involved with menfolk. Han Chinese cause armed counter-march Eight July: Director Hu Jintao returns from G8 summit for you to tackle urgent situation July-August: More than A person,500 customers are arrested associated with the riots November: 12 individuals sentenced to demise for time in the abuse Country profiles compiled by BBC Monitoring Q&An important: China and therefore the UighursViews from Japan Xinjiang, about the height and width of Iran, is divided in the Dzungarian Basin during the north and therefore the Tarim Basin in your south with a mountain collection. The economy from this once agricultural region is actually promoting fast since 1949, and petroleum and petrochemicals at this point account for on the subject of 60 per cent of its GDP. It is also a significant trade as well as pipeline plan into Middle Asia in addition to beyond. The location was fought for by unique Turkic groups, Mongols as well as Chinese up until the 18th century, when the Chinese Qing Dynasty brought the area less than its control. Russia's conquest of the neighbouring Main Asian states of Kokand not to mention Bukhara led to some renewed wrestle for treating the area, while using Kokand general Yaqub Bek starting a environnant les facto independent declare in Kashgar found in 1865. China slowly but surely regained benefits of the region together with formally put in place Xinjiang Province throughout 1884. Russian have an effect on remained tough, especially through the rule of diverse warlords after the fall season of the Qing Empire in 1912. This Soviet Union backed an Uighur-led separatist Distance Turkestan Republic in the south of the district in 1944-1949, however helped in order to extinguish the item when the Communists acquired over in Asia proper. Communist China and tiawan established all of the Autonomous Section in 1955, and started encourage Han Oriental to settle furthermore there in brand-new industrial urban areas and gardening villages managed by the quasi-military Xinjiang Making and Advancement Corps. China too set up its nuclear trying out facility from Lop Nur in the Tarim Bowl, conducting the most important test right now there in 1964. In the Two thousand census Han China made up Thirty per cent belonging to the population in Xinjiang, excluding large numbers of troops positioned in the region plus unknown numbers of unregistered migrants, in addition to Uighurs accounted for regarding 45 %. Ethnic unrest A Muslim ethnic Uighur partner sells a loaf of bread on a roads in Urumqi International interest turned to Xinjiang with July '09 when soft clashes regarding Uighurs and Han Chinese language in the region's main community, Urumqi, promoted china government to mail large numbers of defense force to patrol a streets. Close to 200 people were killed from the unrest, most of them Han, depending on officials. Direct orders against China rule previously had already came about in the 1990s, to which china authorities reacted forcefully. These types of culminated in clashes in the capital of scotland- Yining (Ghulja in Uighur) on 1997 found in protest from the execution of 30 assumed separatists. The specialists reported 9 dead around the violence, although separatists said higher than a hundred protestors happen to be killed. Protests resumed inside March The year 2008 in the cities of Urumqi and then Hotan, and distribute to Kashgar not to mention elsewhere from the summer : coinciding with the Olympics in Beijing. There have been reports involved with bus bombings together with attacks upon police stations. Steppes, deserts and mtns cover almost all of Xinjiang The main Uighur individuals abroad are classified as the separatist East Turkestan Liberation Movement, founded in Game hen in the past due 1990s, as well as World Uighur Our elected representatives, which was positiioned in Germany during 2004. The aforementioned is contributed by Rebiya Kadeer, some sort of businesswoman and politician just who broke by way of Beijing over the Ghulja clashes in The mid nineties and invested years in prison before increasingly being allowed to emigrate on 2005. China has said a "East Turkestan Islamic Movement" is regarding separatist attacks wow power leveling, but yet exiled Uighurs and free specialists on your area currently have cast doubt on whether or not such an setup exists. Beijing comes with sought to handle the unrest with a blend of repression and efforts to energize the region's economy, together with through accelerated investment through state-owned firms.
Xinjiang location profile To overview