中央極限定理與信賴區間與大數法則與常態分配假設
中央極限定理與信賴區間的關係 請反覆看懂它們 然後理解許多的統計推論為何聚焦於"平均數"
Central Limit TheoremFor samples of size n, the distribution of sample means
where μ and σ represent the mean and the standard deviation of the population from which the sample came. 以上法則不侷限於常態分配母體 |
Confidence Level | Confidence Interval |
90% | |
95% | |
99% |
Confidence Level | ||
90% | 95% | 99% |
z* = 1.645 The area between -1.645 and 1.645 is 0.90 | z* = 1.960 The area between -1.960 and 1.960 is 0.95 | z* = 2.576 The area between -2.576 and 2.576 is 0.99 |
source:http://dsearls.org/courses/M120Concepts/ClassNotes/Statistics/530_inferential_stats.htm
然後理解為何在統計學的世界裡母體的常態分配"假設"(assumption of normal distribution)是如此地被強調:
註:左圖的兩個分配(藍色常態 紅色正偏斜)具有相同的平均數 右圖(紅色正偏斜 深藍負偏斜)也是一樣情況(具有相同的平均數)
我們就可以使用常態分配假設進行特定的統計檢定 也因此你會看見使用樣本量30來滿足"所謂的"常態分配假設