the Orient

noun   old-fashioned  East

UK  /ˈɔː.ri.ənt/ US  /ˈɔːr.i.ənt/

the Occident

noun   formal  western

UK  /ˈɒk.sɪ.dənt/ US  /ˈɑːk.sə.dənt/

urban

adjective [ before noun ]

UK  /ˈɜː.bən/ US  /ˈɝː.bən/

urban decay

suburb

noun

UK  /ˈsʌb.ɜːb/ US  /ˈsʌb.ɝːb/

a leafy suburb

a middle-class suburb of New York

It's a suburb of Manchester really - I wouldn't call it Manchester proper.

We live in a suburb of London.

I grew up in a very middle-class suburb of Birmingham.

dense

adjective

UK  /dens/ US  /dens/

dense fog

a dense forest

disperse

verb [ I or T ]

UK  /dɪˈspɜːs/ US  /dɪˈspɝːs/

Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered.

Debris from the aircraft was dispersed over a large area.

Can you be responsible for dispersing these notices everywhere around town, please?

The showers will be quite widely dispersed across the whole region.

Once the seeds are released into the air, the wind quickly disperses them.

demarcate

verb [ T ]

UK  /ˈdiː.mɑː.keɪt/ US  /ˌdiːˈmɑːr.keɪt/

(US also demark)

Parking spaces are demarcated by white lines.

Developing specialist services for older people therefore raises challenging issues, especially when needs are demarcated by sociallyconstructed definitions

division

noun

UK  /dɪˈvɪʒ.ən/ US  /dɪˈvɪʒ.ən/

the sales division

The team plays in one of the lower divisions.

Division within the party will limit its chances in the election.

temporary

adjective

UK  /ˈtem.pər.ər.i/ /ˈtem.prər.i/ US  /ˈtem.pə.rer.i/

The ceasefire will only provide a temporary solution to the crisis.

temporary staff

The salaries of temporary employees ought to be brought into line with those of permanent staff.

Don't worry, his depression is only temporary - it'll soon pass.

She has managed to obtain a temporary residence permit.

The injection provided a temporary reprieve from the pain.

I rigged up a temporary radio aerial from a coat hanger.

permanent

adjective

UK  /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt/ US  /ˈpɝː.mə.nənt/

Mont Blanc has a permanent snow cap.

The disease can cause permanent damage to the brain.

Are you looking for a temporary or a permanent job?

eternal

adjective

UK  /ɪˈtɜː.nəl/ US  /ɪˈtɝː.nəl/

Will you two never stop your eternal arguing!

Eternal love

perpetual

adjective

UK  /pəˈpetʃ.u.əl/ US  /pɚˈpetʃ.u.əl/

a perpetual student

Every sound is in essence an ephemeral entity, possessing nothing perpetual but our memory of it.

Recent

previous

adjective [ before noun ]

UK  /ˈpriː.vi.əs/ US  /ˈpriː.vi.əs/

decade

noun [ C ] 10 y

UK  /ˈdek.eɪd/ /dekˈeɪd/ US  /ˈdek.eɪd/ /dekˈeɪd/

 a period of ten years, especially a period such as 2010 to 2019

period

noun [ C ]

UK  /ˈpɪə.ri.əd/ US  /ˈpɪr.i.əd/

Most teenagers go through a rebellious period.

Her time at university was the most eventful period of her life.

He was one of the most important writers of that period.

The war was followed by a long period of peace and prosperity.

The 1990s were a period of rapid change.

The police are carrying out spot checks on drivers over the Christmas period to test for alcohol levels.

chronology

noun [ C or U ]

UK  /krəˈnɒl.ə.dʒi/ US  /krəˈnɑː.lə.dʒi/

the order in which a series of events happened, or a list or explanation of these events in the order in which they happened

dynasty

Adjustment

Adaptation

dilute

verb [ T ]

UK  /daɪˈluːt/ US  /daɪˈluːt/

to make a liquid weaker by mixing in something else

稀釋，沖淡

Dilute the juice (with water) before you drink it.

saturate

verb

UK  /ˈsætʃ.ər.eɪt/ US  /ˈsætʃ.ər.eɪt/

to fill a thing or place completely so that no more can be added

Since the US market has now been saturated, drug dealers are looking to Europe.

preserve

verb [ T ]

UK  /prɪˈzɜːv/ US  /prɪˈzɝːv/

conserve

verb [ T ]

UK  /kənˈsɜːv/ US  /kənˈsɝːv/

Protect

https://www.hopenglish.com/hope-tips-difference-between-conserve-preserve-and-reserve

conserve / preserve / reserve（動詞）的意思及用法

conserve、preserve 都有「保護」的意思，但程度和方法不太一樣

作為「保護」時，conserve 跟 preserve 經常被當作同義詞，例如：

Action to conserve / preserve the environment must be taken immediately if we want to live in harmony with nature.（如果我們想跟自然和平共處，就必須立刻採取保護環境的行動。）

但嚴格來說，conserve 跟 preserve 的保護程度及方式有一點不一樣。

● conserve：善加利用，避免破壞及浪費。

● preserve：保持現狀，不去接觸以避免破壞。

因此，conserve the environment 偏向透過「善用自然資源」的方式達到保護環境的目的，經常與「自然資源」搭配使用，像是野生生物、空氣、水...等等。舉個例子：

It’s important to conserve natural resources by cutting down on water and electricity waste.（藉由減少水和電的浪費來保護自然資源非常重要。）

至於 preserve the environment 則偏向通過「不接觸、不干擾」的方式保護環境。這個詞也經常與歷史建築物、藝術品等搭配。例如：

To better preserve historic sites, our government should come up with a more comprehensive policy.（要更妥善地保護歷史遺跡，我們政府應該要提出一個更全面的政策。）

reserve 是「保留、預訂」的意思

Reserve 沒有「保護」的意思，而是指「保留某物，留待日後某個時間點使用」，或「為了某些人或目的而保留某物」。例如：

You can’t park here. This parking space is reserved for people with disabilities.（你不能在這裡停車。這個車位是要保留給身心障礙者使用的。）

這個詞也有「預約」的意思。例如：

This restaurant is always full of people, so make sure you reserve a table in advance. （這間餐廳人潮總是很多，所以你要確保你事先訂位。）

conserve / preserve / reserve （名詞）的意思及用法

Conserve、preserve 和 reserve 也可以當作「名詞」，但意思不是「保護」或「保留、預訂」。

preserve、reserve「野生動物保護區」

Five people were arrested for hunting in the forest preserve / reserve this morning.（今天早上有五個人因為在森林保護區打獵而被逮捕。）

preserve、conserve「蜜餞、果醬」

A: My mom sent me a jar of cherry preserve. Do you wanna come over and try it?（我媽寄了一罐櫻桃醬給我。你想過來嚐嚐嗎？）

B: Sure. I’ll be right there.（當然。我馬上就過去。）

如果要用名詞表示「保護」或「保留、預訂」，則要使用 conservation、preservation 和 reservation 這幾個詞。

conservation / preservation / reservation（名詞）的意思及用法

「保護」的名詞是 conservation 或 preservation

這兩個詞之間的區別跟動詞是一樣的。例如：

This nonprofit organization is committed to wildlife conservation and habitat preservation.（這家非營利組織致力於野生動物保護和棲息地保護。）

「保留、預訂」的名詞則是 reservation

要表示「預訂」，除了可以用動詞 reserve，也可以用 make a reservation 這個表達法。例如：

A: Hi, I’d like to make a room reservation for a standard room.（嗨，我想要預訂一個標準房。）

B: When are you arriving?（您什麼時候來呢？）

A: This Friday.（這星期五。）