2004-06-03 20:51:08崔維斯
被動語態 (國中英文文法)
英文動詞有主動語態(Active Voice)和被動語態(Passive Voice)之分。如果主語是動作或狀態的「發出者」，動詞就用主動語態；如果主語是動作或狀態的「承受者」，動詞就用被動語態。
I. 句型： S + be(get, become, grow) P.P. + by O (從 be 表現時式)
1. Chinese is studied by millions of people in the world.
2. The vase was broken by the naughty girl.
3. The funny program is being watched on TV by thousands of children.
4. My car has been towed away by the police.
5. Let the work be done immediately.
6. Annie got married.
7. I was used to getting up early.
II. 運用時機：用以強調__________。
III. 注意事項：
A. 及物動詞才有被動語態。但並非所有的及物動詞都有被動語態。
He call her ANGEL. -----> She is called ANGEL by him.
B. 不及物動詞若加了____________，可有被動語態。
He looked at me. -----> I was looked at by him.
C. 被動語態的動作者若為 we, you, they, someone, anyone, everyone, people則經常予以__________。
People grow rice in Taiwan. -----> Rice is grown in Taiwan.
People make the PC in Taiwan. -----> The PC is made in Taiwan.
D. 授與動詞(Dative Verbs)因有兩個受詞，所以有兩種被動語態。(write, bring只能以物為被動語態)
I wrote him a letter. -----> A letter was written to him by me.
E. 國語當中有『被』，則句中的動詞需用被動語態。
她被耍了。 She was played.
F. 句子的主詞 ＝ 動詞的受詞，則此句需用被動語態。
飯吃光了。 The rice is eaten up.
門打開了。 The door is opened.
G. 疑問詞即主詞時，被動語態用 By whom, By which
Who loves you? -----> By whom are you loved?
Which girl kissed you? -----> By which girl were you kissed?
H. 感官動詞改為被動語態時，後面接不定詞、Ving
I saw the boy walk to school every morning. -----> The boy was seen to walk to school by me every morning.
He watched the girl dancing. -----> The girl was watched dancing by him.
I. 使役動詞改為被動語態時，後面接不定詞
Father makes me do this and do that every day. -----> I am made to do this and to do that by Father every day.
J. 其他介係詞
I am interested in math, history, geography, and music.
He was surprised at the good news.
Dr. Lin is satisfied with the answer.
Michael Jackson is known to everyone in the United States.
The top of the mountain is covered with snow all the year round.
She was married to Bill.
K. have(has, had)＋受詞＋過去分詞 -----> 被動
I had my hair cut last night.
I will have my bicycle fixed tomorrow.
1. Mary washed the dishes.
2. Tom cleaned the room.
3. Amy will sing the song.
4. We are going to play the game.
5. They have won the game.
6. I am writing a letter.
7. She was eating her dinner.
8. Do you buy an apple?
9. Did she teach English?
10. We should follow traffic rules.
11. Jane can do the homework.
12. We saw John play basketball yesterday.
13. We saw John playing basketball yesterday.
14. I made her clean the room.
15. Nina listens to some music.
16. She doesn’t mop the floors.
17. They didn’t clean the rooms.
I. 句型： S + be(get, become, grow) P.P. + by O (從 be 表現時式)
1. Chinese is studied by millions of people in the world.
2. The vase was broken by the naughty girl.
3. The funny program is being watched on TV by thousands of children.
4. My car has been towed away by the police.
5. Let the work be done immediately.
6. Annie got married.
7. I was used to getting up early.
II. 運用時機：用以強調__________。
III. 注意事項：
A. 及物動詞才有被動語態。但並非所有的及物動詞都有被動語態。
He call her ANGEL. -----> She is called ANGEL by him.
B. 不及物動詞若加了____________，可有被動語態。
He looked at me. -----> I was looked at by him.
C. 被動語態的動作者若為 we, you, they, someone, anyone, everyone, people則經常予以__________。
People grow rice in Taiwan. -----> Rice is grown in Taiwan.
People make the PC in Taiwan. -----> The PC is made in Taiwan.
D. 授與動詞(Dative Verbs)因有兩個受詞，所以有兩種被動語態。(write, bring只能以物為被動語態)
I wrote him a letter. -----> A letter was written to him by me.
E. 國語當中有『被』，則句中的動詞需用被動語態。
她被耍了。 She was played.
F. 句子的主詞 ＝ 動詞的受詞，則此句需用被動語態。
飯吃光了。 The rice is eaten up.
門打開了。 The door is opened.
G. 疑問詞即主詞時，被動語態用 By whom, By which
Who loves you? -----> By whom are you loved?
Which girl kissed you? -----> By which girl were you kissed?
H. 感官動詞改為被動語態時，後面接不定詞、Ving
I saw the boy walk to school every morning. -----> The boy was seen to walk to school by me every morning.
He watched the girl dancing. -----> The girl was watched dancing by him.
I. 使役動詞改為被動語態時，後面接不定詞
Father makes me do this and do that every day. -----> I am made to do this and to do that by Father every day.
J. 其他介係詞
I am interested in math, history, geography, and music.
He was surprised at the good news.
Dr. Lin is satisfied with the answer.
Michael Jackson is known to everyone in the United States.
The top of the mountain is covered with snow all the year round.
She was married to Bill.
K. have(has, had)＋受詞＋過去分詞 -----> 被動
I had my hair cut last night.
I will have my bicycle fixed tomorrow.
1. Mary washed the dishes.
2. Tom cleaned the room.
3. Amy will sing the song.
4. We are going to play the game.
5. They have won the game.
6. I am writing a letter.
7. She was eating her dinner.
8. Do you buy an apple?
9. Did she teach English?
10. We should follow traffic rules.
11. Jane can do the homework.
12. We saw John play basketball yesterday.
13. We saw John playing basketball yesterday.
14. I made her clean the room.
15. Nina listens to some music.
16. She doesn’t mop the floors.
17. They didn’t clean the rooms.