2004-09-16 15:33:51Luvox
0334
臺灣的特有淡水魚類 Endemic freshwater fish species in Taiwan
臺灣的淡水魚類約有220種，其中約36種為特有種或特有亞種，但這些原生的淡水魚類已有20種以上瀕臨絕種或滅絕了。
There are about 220 species freshwater fish(淡水魚) in Taiwan. They are about endemic species or endemic sub-species among them, these have been over 20 species are in danger of extinction or extinction.
淡水魚類生存於河川、湖泊、水塘、水庫等水域，有些具洄游性，如鱸鰻，一旦棲息地受到破壞或改變，如工業廢水污染、興建水壩與攔沙壩、河川渠道化等，都會影響牠們的生存。尤其水質污染，甚至可使整段河川的魚死光，因此適當合理的經營管理河川是保育臺灣原生淡水魚類的第一步。此外，外來種魚類如吳郭魚、琵琶鼠魚等，已嚴重改變臺灣原有的河川魚種組成；非法毒魚、電魚、炸魚、濫捕等也會嚴重破壞河川的魚類資源。保育我們珍貴的淡水魚類資源，實在刻不容緩。
Freshwater fish live in the rivers, lakes, pools, and reservoirs etc. Some of them are spiny-backed fish, such as the Anguilla marmorata Quoy& Gaimard(鱸鰻), but when the habitats are destroyed or changed--- the pollution of industry waste water, dam and check dam(攔沙壩) building, river canalized(河川渠道化), will effect their living.
Especially the pollution of water quality, even though let the whole river fish died. Therefore, sustainable managing rivers is the first step to protest the Taiwan . Furthermore, , the exotic fish -such as the tilapia(吳郭魚), Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish( Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus )(琵琶魚) , they have serious changed the composition of Taiwan original fish species.
And illegal poisoning fish and electrocuting fish, over fishing also seriously damage the fish resources of rivers. Protesting our resource of freshwater fish, it did cannot delay.
圖片
臺灣魚回
學名：Liobagrus formosanus Regan
魚體為黃棕色，沒有魚鱗，富黏液，頭部有4對鬚。分布於大甲溪、大肚溪與濁水溪等河川中游的湍急深流或深潭。為小型底棲性魚類，多夜間活動，以水棲昆蟲與小型底棲動物為食。
Its body color is yellow-brown, no scales, and 富黏液, there are 4 pair barbels on its head. It distribes among the rushing midstream of Da-jai river, Da-lou river, and 濁水溪
Or deep pool. It is small 小型底棲性魚類, it actives at night, it feeds on water insects and 小型底棲動物.
短吻小鰾鮈
學名：Pseudogobio brevirostris (Gunther)
身體細長呈短棒狀，背側有5或6個大型黑斑，體側則有1條黑色縱紋。主要分布於河川中游的淺瀨、深流、深潭，喜歡棲息在河流底部石礫上。群體棲息覓食，以藻類、水棲昆蟲為食。
Its body is slim and short. Its back has 5-6 large black spots. And
It likes to rest under the rocks of rivers. Pseudogobio brevirostris feed together, and feed on the algae and water insects.
臺灣馬口魚
學名： Candidia barbata (Regan)
體側中央自鰓蓋後方有一條稍寬的藍黑色縱帶，成熟的雄魚腹部、頭部下側、胸鰭、腹鰭都呈鮮紅色，非常豔麗。常分布於河川中游支流與主流交會河段的淺流、淺瀨、深潭。喜歡冷溫水域，泳力強，善躍泳，雜食性。
高身鏟頜魚
學名： Scaphesthes alticorpus (Oshima)
又名高身魚固魚，成魚身體高而長，眼睛瞳孔周圍為銀白色，鰓蓋下緣、胸鰭、腹鰭與臀鰭均為粉紅色，側線下之腹側為淡紅色。分布於南部與東部的河川，喜歡水流湍急、流量大的河段。以附著在石頭上的藻類與水棲昆蟲為食。
埔里中華爬岩鰍
學名：Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
常貼在岩石上，腹面平坦，背部隆起，頭背部具大小不等的深褐色塊狀斑。分布於西部河川中游，具圓石、漂石底質的急湍河段。底棲性，以附著 在石頭上的藻類與水棲昆蟲為食。
It often stick on the rocks. Its flat, and back is , there are non dark- brown spots in its head. It distribted around midstream of westen river--- round stone and stone rush stream. It feed on the algae and water insects.
籓??Τ?跔?笆 endemic invertebrate species in Taiwan 種禜(蒭繨) imagine (蒭繨paper sculpture) 籓?硇羥砼纓Cheirotonus macleayi formosanus Ohaus 毟犱柽??碔 the author: hung fu-shin
笆濯跔?癌Τ??杤?膶?跔?笆籔跔苐笆雑縄摸枦?跔?笆綛琌黒竤?砰??ㄣ跔?癌笆杤当閊椀?笆杦肦?笆杦的竮笆杦舦糉笆杦蛾糉笆杦?砰笆杦吏竊笆杦竊狍笆籔雌?笆?9摸杤膶耕瓧?笆杤?摸籔?秖羉働杤椙??╰??簍坧璶a︹杤廸参摸??働枦
籓?癸?跔?笆僙╯獶??杤込粮?Τ?戈磘?玡﹟?霍綉枦嘲??跔?笆?杤妮硔竊狍笆磒?杤?ㄤ琌焦?杤戈磘耕?俱杤τ竊狍笆蒙摸籔?砰笆?峯粛Τ黒ㄇ戈磘枦
the animals are divided into invertebrates(?跔?笆) and chordates(?跔?笆), the classify depand on they have the chine or not. the invertebrates don't have the chine in their body, including the simple animals(several phyla) ( 椀?笆) , Chordates(phylum Chordata)(肦?笆),cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) (的竮笆),flatworms (phylum PLATYELMIA)舦糉笆,roundworms(phylum Nematoda) (蛾糉笆)杦Molluscs(phylum Annelida)?砰笆杦segmented worms(phylum Annelida)(吏竊笆)杦arthropods(phylum Arthropoda)竊狍笆and echinoderms(phylum Echinoderms)雌?笆 etc. .they are classify into the low level. inverterbrates are many kind groups and a lot of mounts. they play the important roles in the ecosystem, people don't really know them.
The researches of invertebrates in Taiwan are very rare, therefore the basic data of endemic species have not been ?俱. but among the invertebrates living on the land, the inscents of arthropods--espeacical butterflies researches have a beter ?俱 basic data. otherwise, the crabs of arthropods aslo have a few data.
籓??Τ焦?
籓?焦?呩Τ400?杤?妮11勑杤ㄤ?呩50?膶?Τ???Τㄈ?枦濯虫虬堦縩?摸?τ?杤籓??禬?羬眍??杦?瓣杦?ㄓ﹁ㄈ?雫杤込粮Τ葢焦?煑瓣蒄櫊臕枦
there are about 400 species butterflies in Taiwan, that are classified 11 classes, including about 50 species are emdimic species or emdimic sub-species. 濯虫虬堦縩?摸?τ?, Butterfly species in Taiwan are more than Japan, Korean, Malaysia that geography closely Taiwan, 込粮, Taiwan is called "kingdom of butterflies".
廸琌杤?参乗?電杤図跋浄雫?耞?祇竰?杤?跑剤焦??秌雫枦籩方?籔??嵆醻?ㄓ??杤濯?笰媚杦変ㄓ?寄??粫譌杤?焦??秖??硉搭?枦込粮?弐縄秖蹦?杤濯籹毟??杦杆耿珇変綪脖猵随?緑杤τ糴????籓??Τ??摸?秖?祡杤??猵?徤?縄產瞏㓟枦
but, by the polluation increasing, the mountain land are develop and used ?耞雫, the butterflies habits are changed. The nectariferous plants and
瓜尅
?吏??慧? Papilio hoppo Matsumura縄??? Sasakia charonda formosana Shirozu榔?? Atrohpaneura horishana (Matsumura)籓?猧矰?? Ypthima
臺灣的淡水魚類約有220種，其中約36種為特有種或特有亞種，但這些原生的淡水魚類已有20種以上瀕臨絕種或滅絕了。
There are about 220 species freshwater fish(淡水魚) in Taiwan. They are about endemic species or endemic sub-species among them, these have been over 20 species are in danger of extinction or extinction.
淡水魚類生存於河川、湖泊、水塘、水庫等水域，有些具洄游性，如鱸鰻，一旦棲息地受到破壞或改變，如工業廢水污染、興建水壩與攔沙壩、河川渠道化等，都會影響牠們的生存。尤其水質污染，甚至可使整段河川的魚死光，因此適當合理的經營管理河川是保育臺灣原生淡水魚類的第一步。此外，外來種魚類如吳郭魚、琵琶鼠魚等，已嚴重改變臺灣原有的河川魚種組成；非法毒魚、電魚、炸魚、濫捕等也會嚴重破壞河川的魚類資源。保育我們珍貴的淡水魚類資源，實在刻不容緩。
Freshwater fish live in the rivers, lakes, pools, and reservoirs etc. Some of them are spiny-backed fish, such as the Anguilla marmorata Quoy& Gaimard(鱸鰻), but when the habitats are destroyed or changed--- the pollution of industry waste water, dam and check dam(攔沙壩) building, river canalized(河川渠道化), will effect their living.
Especially the pollution of water quality, even though let the whole river fish died. Therefore, sustainable managing rivers is the first step to protest the Taiwan . Furthermore, , the exotic fish -such as the tilapia(吳郭魚), Many-rayed Sailfin Sucker Catfish( Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus )(琵琶魚) , they have serious changed the composition of Taiwan original fish species.
And illegal poisoning fish and electrocuting fish, over fishing also seriously damage the fish resources of rivers. Protesting our resource of freshwater fish, it did cannot delay.
圖片
臺灣魚回
學名：Liobagrus formosanus Regan
魚體為黃棕色，沒有魚鱗，富黏液，頭部有4對鬚。分布於大甲溪、大肚溪與濁水溪等河川中游的湍急深流或深潭。為小型底棲性魚類，多夜間活動，以水棲昆蟲與小型底棲動物為食。
Its body color is yellow-brown, no scales, and 富黏液, there are 4 pair barbels on its head. It distribes among the rushing midstream of Da-jai river, Da-lou river, and 濁水溪
Or deep pool. It is small 小型底棲性魚類, it actives at night, it feeds on water insects and 小型底棲動物.
短吻小鰾鮈
學名：Pseudogobio brevirostris (Gunther)
身體細長呈短棒狀，背側有5或6個大型黑斑，體側則有1條黑色縱紋。主要分布於河川中游的淺瀨、深流、深潭，喜歡棲息在河流底部石礫上。群體棲息覓食，以藻類、水棲昆蟲為食。
Its body is slim and short. Its back has 5-6 large black spots. And
It likes to rest under the rocks of rivers. Pseudogobio brevirostris feed together, and feed on the algae and water insects.
臺灣馬口魚
學名： Candidia barbata (Regan)
體側中央自鰓蓋後方有一條稍寬的藍黑色縱帶，成熟的雄魚腹部、頭部下側、胸鰭、腹鰭都呈鮮紅色，非常豔麗。常分布於河川中游支流與主流交會河段的淺流、淺瀨、深潭。喜歡冷溫水域，泳力強，善躍泳，雜食性。
高身鏟頜魚
學名： Scaphesthes alticorpus (Oshima)
又名高身魚固魚，成魚身體高而長，眼睛瞳孔周圍為銀白色，鰓蓋下緣、胸鰭、腹鰭與臀鰭均為粉紅色，側線下之腹側為淡紅色。分布於南部與東部的河川，喜歡水流湍急、流量大的河段。以附著在石頭上的藻類與水棲昆蟲為食。
埔里中華爬岩鰍
學名：Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
常貼在岩石上，腹面平坦，背部隆起，頭背部具大小不等的深褐色塊狀斑。分布於西部河川中游，具圓石、漂石底質的急湍河段。底棲性，以附著 在石頭上的藻類與水棲昆蟲為食。
It often stick on the rocks. Its flat, and back is , there are non dark- brown spots in its head. It distribted around midstream of westen river--- round stone and stone rush stream. It feed on the algae and water insects.
籓??Τ?跔?笆 endemic invertebrate species in Taiwan 種禜(蒭繨) imagine (蒭繨paper sculpture) 籓?硇羥砼纓Cheirotonus macleayi formosanus Ohaus 毟犱柽??碔 the author: hung fu-shin
笆濯跔?癌Τ??杤?膶?跔?笆籔跔苐笆雑縄摸枦?跔?笆綛琌黒竤?砰??ㄣ跔?癌笆杤当閊椀?笆杦肦?笆杦的竮笆杦舦糉笆杦蛾糉笆杦?砰笆杦吏竊笆杦竊狍笆籔雌?笆?9摸杤膶耕瓧?笆杤?摸籔?秖羉働杤椙??╰??簍坧璶a︹杤廸参摸??働枦
籓?癸?跔?笆僙╯獶??杤込粮?Τ?戈磘?玡﹟?霍綉枦嘲??跔?笆?杤妮硔竊狍笆磒?杤?ㄤ琌焦?杤戈磘耕?俱杤τ竊狍笆蒙摸籔?砰笆?峯粛Τ黒ㄇ戈磘枦
the animals are divided into invertebrates(?跔?笆) and chordates(?跔?笆), the classify depand on they have the chine or not. the invertebrates don't have the chine in their body, including the simple animals(several phyla) ( 椀?笆) , Chordates(phylum Chordata)(肦?笆),cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) (的竮笆),flatworms (phylum PLATYELMIA)舦糉笆,roundworms(phylum Nematoda) (蛾糉笆)杦Molluscs(phylum Annelida)?砰笆杦segmented worms(phylum Annelida)(吏竊笆)杦arthropods(phylum Arthropoda)竊狍笆and echinoderms(phylum Echinoderms)雌?笆 etc. .they are classify into the low level. inverterbrates are many kind groups and a lot of mounts. they play the important roles in the ecosystem, people don't really know them.
The researches of invertebrates in Taiwan are very rare, therefore the basic data of endemic species have not been ?俱. but among the invertebrates living on the land, the inscents of arthropods--espeacical butterflies researches have a beter ?俱 basic data. otherwise, the crabs of arthropods aslo have a few data.
籓??Τ焦?
籓?焦?呩Τ400?杤?妮11勑杤ㄤ?呩50?膶?Τ???Τㄈ?枦濯虫虬堦縩?摸?τ?杤籓??禬?羬眍??杦?瓣杦?ㄓ﹁ㄈ?雫杤込粮Τ葢焦?煑瓣蒄櫊臕枦
there are about 400 species butterflies in Taiwan, that are classified 11 classes, including about 50 species are emdimic species or emdimic sub-species. 濯虫虬堦縩?摸?τ?, Butterfly species in Taiwan are more than Japan, Korean, Malaysia that geography closely Taiwan, 込粮, Taiwan is called "kingdom of butterflies".
廸琌杤?参乗?電杤図跋浄雫?耞?祇竰?杤?跑剤焦??秌雫枦籩方?籔??嵆醻?ㄓ??杤濯?笰媚杦変ㄓ?寄??粫譌杤?焦??秖??硉搭?枦込粮?弐縄秖蹦?杤濯籹毟??杦杆耿珇変綪脖猵随?緑杤τ糴????籓??Τ??摸?秖?祡杤??猵?徤?縄產瞏㓟枦
but, by the polluation increasing, the mountain land are develop and used ?耞雫, the butterflies habits are changed. The nectariferous plants and
瓜尅
?吏??慧? Papilio hoppo Matsumura縄??? Sasakia charonda formosana Shirozu榔?? Atrohpaneura horishana (Matsumura)籓?猧矰?? Ypthima